Heavy Reading 竞争分析：会聚网络中的弹性，可靠性和OAM研究报告(Resilience, Reliability, and OAM in Converged Networks A Heavy Reading Competitive Analysis)

I. INTRODUCTION AND KEY FINDINGS
　　1.1 Key Findings
　　1.2 Report Structure

II. OVERVIEW: RESILIENCE, RELIABILITY, AND OAM
　　2.1 Background
　　2.2 Resilience and the 50ms Legacy
　　2.3 Costs of OTN Resilience
　　2.4 How Reliable Is IP?
　　2.5 Resilience and OAM

III. ABOUT THE HEAVY READING PRODUCT SURVEY

IV. NETWORK-LEVEL RESILIENCE
　　4.1 Accelerated IP Rerouting
　　4.2 MPLS Fast Reroute
　　4.3 MPLS Presignaled LSP
　　4.4 Sonet/SDH Automatic Protection Switching
　　4.5 POS and Gigabit Ethernet Link Aggregation
　　4.6 Vendor Comparison: Network Resilience Features
　　4.7 Notes and Vendor Comments
　　4.8 Feature Analysis

V. NODE-LEVEL RELIABILITY
　　5.1 The NEBS Factor
　　5.2 Hardware Reliability
　　5.3 Operating System Reliability
　　5.4 Hitless Software Upgrades
　　5.5 Resilience and Isolation in IP Control-Plane Protocols
　　5.6 Vendor Comparison: Node Reliability Features
　　5.7 Notes and Vendor Comments
　　5.8 Feature Analysis

VI. OPERATION, ADMINISTRATION, AND MAINTENANCE (OAM) FEATURES
　　6.1 OAM for MPLS: Possibilities and Realities
　　6.2 ITU-T MPLS OAM Initiatives to Date
　　6.3 IETF MPLS OAM Initiatives
　　6.4 PWE3 and VPLS OAM Initiatives
　　6.5 Vendor Comparison: OAM Features
　　6.6 Notes and Vendor Comments
　　6.7 Feature Analysis

VII. CONCLUSIONS AND CALLS TO ACTION
　　7.1 Calls to Action

APPENDICES
　　A1 Methodology
　　A2 Author Bio
　　A3 Legal Disclaimer

LIST OF FIGURES
　　SECTION I
　　SECTION II
　　　　Figure 2.1 The Vendor's-Eye View of Convergence
　　　　Figure 2.2 Timeouts for a Range of Network Technologies
　　　　Figure 2.3 A Resilience Scaleability Hierarchy
　　　　Figure 2.4 The "Stovepipe" Carrier Architecture
　　　　Figure 2.5 Transit Traffic Distribution Effects on Ring Topology
　　　　Figure 2.6 Evolution of OTN Design Driven by Bandwidth Efficiency
　　　　Figure 2.7 Ring vs. Mesh Topology
　　　　Figure 2.8 Economic Benefits of Sharing Protection Capacity in a Converged Network
　　　　Figure 2.9 Capability Comparison Between Major Communication Technologies
　　　　Figure 2.10 Quadrant of Requirements, Carrier Networks vs. the Internet
　　　　Figure 2.11 Three Phases of Carrier Thinking
　　SECTION III
　　SECTION IV
　　　　Figure 4.1 Detecting Link Failures on Sonet/SDH and Ethernet
　　　　Figure 4.2 Shortest Paths Through a Routed Network
　　　　Figure 4.3 Link Protection With MPLS Fast Reroute
　　　　Figure 4.4 Node Protection With MPLS Fast Reroute
　　　　Figure 4.5 Presignaled MPLS LSP
　　　　Figure 4.6 Standard and Distributed APS Protection
　　　　Figure 4.7 Link Aggregation in Action
　　　　Figure 4.8 Network Resilience Features
　　SECTION V
　　　　Figure 5.1 Three Aspects of Node Reliability
　　　　Figure 5.2 Typical Carrier Power Configuration
　　　　Figure 5.3 Simplified Router Operating System
　　　　Figure 5.4 Maintaining Connections During O/S Upgrades
　　　　Figure 5.5 Stateful Switchover
　　　　Figure 5.6 Node Reliability Features
　　SECTION VI
　　　　Figure 6.1 Control Plane and Data Plane Operation in an MPLS LSR
　　　　Figure 6.2 Multipoint-to-Point Operation in MPLS
　　　　Figure 6.3 Ultimate Hop Pop Operation in MPLS
　　　　Figure 6.4 Penultimate Hop Pop Operation in MPLS
　　　　Figure 6.5 OAM Features
　　SECTION VII